Erkes erik matsson



(No Model.)

RE. MATSSON.

ARITHMETIGAL APPARATUS.

No. 555,218. Patented Peb.. 25, 1895'.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERKES ERIK MATSSON, OF SILJANSNAS, SWEDEN.

ARITHEVIETICAL APPARATUS.

SPECIFOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 555,218, dated February25, 1896.

Application filed May 15, 1891. Serial No. 392,919. (No model.) Patentedin Sweden February 10, 1891, No. 3,249; in England April 28, 1891, No.7,346', in France April 29, 1891,No. 213,129, and in Germany May 1,1891,No. 59,799.

T0 all whom, it may concern.

Be it known that I, EEKEs ERIK MATssoN, tradesman, a subject of the Kingof Sweden and Norway, residing at Siljansnas, in the Kingdom of Sweden,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ArithmeticalApparatus, of which I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description. Y

The invention has been patented in the following countries: Sweden, No.3,249, dated February 10, 1891; France, No. 213,129, dated April 29,1891; Great Britain, No. 7,346, dated April 28, 1891; Germany, No.59,799, dated May 1, 1891.

This invention relates to a calculating apparatus for addition andmultiplication, and is particularly intended to be used when summing upiigures in long columns. The apparatus is therefore so arranged that it.may be handled as a pen. By moving in turns the lower end of thepen-shaped apparatus to every figure in the column and actuating theapparatus in a certain manner the sum, when all the 1i gures in thecolumn are taken up, can be read in an opening in the casing of theapparatus.

On the annexed drawings, Figure 1 represents the exterior of theapparatus. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the casing with theinterior parts in elevation. Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation of theupper casing, showing an adjustable plate used for setting the device tozero. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line .fr 0c of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is asectional view through the casing, showing the pawl on thecalculating-wheel and the fluted roller engaging the same. Fig. 6 is asectional detail view of a pair of numbering-wheels. Fig. 7 is a planview, partlyin section, showing the lower graduated disk. Fig. 8 showsin detail plan view the spring-arm and pawl carried by thenumber-wheels.

The apparatus consists of a cylinder A, in the wall of which is cut aspiral slot B. This cylinder is at the top firmly united with a tintedroller C, upon which wheels D are sleeved close one to another. Each ofthese wheels, also called registering-wheels, is at its circumferencedivided in ten parts, and each part is in succession provided with thefigures from O to 9. On these wheels the sums or the products are to beread when using the apparatus. The parts of the apparatus now describedare surrounded by a cylinder E, in the wall of which an opening F ismade in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder. Through this openingonly one figure at a time is visible on each registering-wheel D, andtheslit or opening is therefore not made wider than a good tenth part ofthe circumference of the registering-wheel.

It is evident that the different sums or products appearing in theopening F depend upon the different turnings of the registeringwheels.These turnings are effected in the following manner: Through the bottomof the cylinder A passes a rod G, which is movable with relation to thecylinder, and at the end passing into the cylinder is provided with anarm H projecting through the said spiral slot B in the wall of thecylinder A as Well as a straight slot in the cylinder E. This lattercylinder is continued some distance downward by the smaller tube I, intothe lower end of which to the greater part of its length another tube,K, is passed. Through this latter tube the rod G descends, and on itslower end projecting out of the lower end of the tube K it is providedwith a circular disk L, which is at its circumference divided in tenparts provided with the figures from 9 to 9. (See Fig. 7 The tube K isprovided with two arms 7c having a connecting-plate k' passing under thedisk L, forming in this way a bearing and.

clasping the tube I while the foot-piece M is put down against astationary object and the tube I is pushed down on the tube K thecylinder A must be turned around, and therewith also theregistering-wheels.

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The arm Il will at its outer end be supported by the cylinder E, becausethe latter is prevented from turning, since the tube I is retainedbetween the lingers. Consequently the cylinder A must turn, because thearm II projects through the spiral slot in its wall. After being presseddown a spiral spring N causes the tube l and the cyllnderE to go upward.The top of the spiral sp1-in g rests, as shown by the drawings, againsta stop t' in the tube I, and the lower end rests against the end of thetube K.

Each calculating-wheel consists of a hollow cylinder having openings atl 2, Fig. G, in its top and bottom communicating with cach other throughthe interior of the wheel to receive the Iluted roller C. lil-ach hollowcylinder or calculating-wheel has pivoted thereto a pawl P under tensionof the spring Q and engaging the `lluted roller, so that when the rolleris turned one-tenth, two-tenths, or any part of a revolution the wheelswill be carried forward a corresponding part of a revolution.

On the return.movement of the roller, when the tube I reascen ds, thewheels which are .not retained in their moved position will be turnedback to their former position of rest by means of the frictional contactbetween the springpawls and the iluted roller; but any one of the wheelsmay be retained in its moved position by means of a detent It, pivotedon a rod S on the outside ol' the casing and adapted to be slid up ordown along said rod, so that it will engage the depressions 3 in any oneof the wheels. made a distance apart equal to the tenth part of thecircumference of the wheel. The edge of the opening in the cylinder orouter casing E has a series of projections T, and these serve to retainthe detent in any position along the rod S. It will be understood thatthe amount of rotation imparted to the number disks or wheelscorresponds to the amount of longitudinal movement of the tube I withouter easing and slotted cylinder A in relation to the tube K and thebar G, which carries the pin Il. This longitudinal movement is regulatedby turning the tube K about the bar G and within the tube I, so that anyone of the grooves U at the top of the tube K will align with the stop Von the inner side of the tube I, and then by pushing the tube I down thecylinder A with the l'luted roller and number-wheels will turn until thestop V strikes the lower end of the groove U, when the movenient willcease. The grooves, as shown, are of diiierent length, so that when theshorter one aligns with the stop the movement of the tube I will be onlysuiiicient to rotate the slotted-cylinder tluted roller andnumber-wheels one-tenth of a revolution. The next groove is long enoughto allow two-tenths of a revolution, and so on up to the longest groovecorresponding to a full revolution. The amount of rotary adjustment ofthe tubes I and K with relation to each other, so as to bring the Thenotches or depressions are proper groove in alignment with the stop Y,is determined bythe pointer X, carried by the yoke 7c 7i; at the lowerend of the tube K, which is brought opposite the desired number on thedisk L by turning the tubes I K in relation to each other, the disk Lturning with the tube I because the pin Il, connected to the bar Gcarrying the wheels, projects through the outer slotted case E which isconnected to the outer tube.

Supposing all the wheels to be at zero, as shown, and it is desired toadd live and three, the apparatus is made to rest on the piece M and thetube I is turned, so that 5 on the disk L comes opposite the pointer X.The pin V is now opposite the groove U, which is long enough to permitlive-tenths of a revolution. On pressing' down the tube I all thenumberwheels are turned five-tenths of a revolution bythe fluted rollerengaging the several pawls of the wheels; but only one wheelwill be heldin this position, as the detent Ris only adapted to engage the notchesin one wheel. rlhe others will be returned to normal positionby thefriction between their pawls and the Il uted roller. The retained wheelwill display the ligure 5. The next step is to turn the tube l so thatthe figure 3 on the disk Lcomes opposite the pointer, and then when thetube I is depressed the action above described will take place,excepting that the stop V will arrest the movement when three-tenths ofa revolution has taken place, thus bringing the figure S on the retainedwheel opposite the displayopening, all the other wheels returning to n ormal-position, as before.

lVhen the sum of the numbers added exceeds ten, a transfer of tens musttake place from the wheel retained by the detent R to the next wheelbelow it, and when this wheel has made a comple revolution the wheelnext below is brought into action, and the movement is thus carried fromwheel to wheel throughout the series. This carrying mechanism consistsof a spur Z, Fig. G, adapted to work in and out ol' the opening 5 in thebottom of the upper wheel to engage at the proper moment one ol' aseries of radial notches or grooves G, l'ormed in the upper face of thewheel next below. This spur is carried by a spring-arm Y, secured to thecasing of the wheel and tending constantly to force the spur out toengage the radial notches in the wheel below. This tendency is resistednormally, however, by the ring a, which is arranged within the hollownuinbering-ring, and the shoulder 7 on the spur Arides on the edge ofthis ring, and thus the spur is held up aga-inst the spring-tension.

The ring has teeth S on its inner edge engaging the teeth of the ilutedroller, and when the luted roller turns forward the numberwheel andtoothed ring all turn together, the ring and number-wheel maintainingtheir positions relative to each other; but il the number-wheel is heldby the detent R the return of the liuted roller to normal position willIOO turn the toothed ring within the wheel and independently thereof,and thus the notch 9 in the edge ot' the ring will be brought nearer tothe shoulder on the spur,which remains in aiixed circumferentialposition with its number-wheel, and if the movement is sufficient thenotch will come beneath the shoulder of the spur and then the spur williiy out from the upper wheel to engage the notches in the next wheelbelow, thus forming a carrying device between the two wheels. exceptingthe last one ot the series, has carrying device.

Then the fluted roller is returning to normal position and the uppernumber-wheel is held against return movement bythe detent, the notchedring, as before stated, turns, and iinally the spur of the upper wheeliies out and engages the upper radial notches of the wheel next below,and if this action takes place before the luted roller with all of theunretained number-wheels have returned to normal position the engagementof the spur of the retained wheel with the wheel next below will act tostop its return to normal position and to hold it with the proper digitdisplayed,\vhicli, in combination with the numeral on the retained disk,will show the sum of the numbers added.

Supposing the figures iive and seven are to be added, the tubes areadjusted so that depression of the tube I will cause the numberwheels tobe turned ve-tenths of a revolution to display the numeral 5. Only theupper number-wheel will be retained, however, as the detent-pawl hasbeen adjusted to engage this. In the present instance the upper wheel ofthe series to be operated is the second one from the top, and Fig. 2shows the pawl R in engagement therewith.

All the other number-wheels will return with the luted roller, and thenotched ring a of the upper retained number-wheel will be moved onlypart-way around to make its notch engage the shoulder on the spur, andconsequently the spur will be held up and the number-wheel next belowthe retained wheel will return to normal or zero position .with the thisj ilu ted roller. Vhen now the tubes are adjusted for adding seven tothe iive already displayed the seven-tenths revolution of the tlutedroller will carry the upper wheel past the tens place and bring thenumeral 2 to view. This wheel will be retained by the pawl R to displaythe numeral 2, and on the return of the fluted roller the ring a of thisupper retained wheel will be again moved, and its revolution will now becompleted, so that the spur will fly out the moment this revolution iscompleted and engage the wheel next below before it fully returns tozero, or, in other words, the spur of the retained wheel will engage thenotch for the numeral l on the wheel next below, and the wheel will beretained in this position, displaying the numoral 1, thus displaying, inconjunction with Each wheel, l

the upper wheel, the numeral l2, representing the sum of the numbersadded.

In order to set the device to Zero each wheel has a pin l) projectingfrom its circumference, as shown in Fig. 3. The cylinder E has alongitudinal slot c to receive a series of studs or shoulders fprojecting from the plate d ad* justable up and down on the outside ofthe cylinder by a screw e passing through a slot in the plate. Whencalculating with the apparatus the plate is pushed down so that the pinspass freely between the shoulders f; but when the apparatus is to beadjusted to Zero the plate is pushed up so that the shoulders f willstrike the pins, and thus serve to arrest the movement of the wheels.The disk L is now turned so that the index will point to zero. Thedetent Ris then released from the number-wheel, and the cylinder L andtube I are pushed downward. The pins l) and the stop-shoulders f willcause all the wheels to stop at the zero-point.

Vhen the apparatus is to be employed for multiplication it must beproceeded in the following way: If, for instance, the multiplication oftwenty-eight by thirty-four is to be performed, the disk L is adjustedto eight, where after the apparatus is pressed down four times. Then thehook R is moved to the next subjacent registering-wheel and the figure 2is adj usted to the disk L, whereafter the apparatus is pressed downthree times.

I claiml. A calculating apparatus comprising a 'series ofregistering-wheels, a roller carrying the same side by side, a cylinderhaving a spiral groove and extending axially in line with the axis ofthe wheels and forming an extension of the roller carrying the wheelsand a rod extending axially of the cylinder and having movementlongitudinally in relation thereto, said rod having an arm projectingtherefrom into the spiral groove of the cylinder to rotate the same whenthe parts are displaced longitudinally in relation to each other,substantially as described.

2. In combination, the registering-wheels placed side by side, a rollerextending axially through the disks and luted, means between the iiutedroller and the registering-wheels for operating them, a spirally-groovedcylinder connected with the tluted roller and means for operating thespirally-grooved cylinder consisting of the rod G movable longitudinallyin relation to the cylinder and having ,an arm engaging the spiralgroove of the same,

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detent-pawl R for holding any of the registering Wheels stationary Whilethe fluted roller is retraeting, substantially as deseribed.

4. In combination in a calculating apparatus the lluted roller, themeans for rotating the saine, the series of registeriiig-Wheels on theroller, the paWls P pivoted to the Wheels and engaging the fluted rollerto be moved thereby, the detent for holding one wheel stationary, andthe Carrying mechanism from one Wheel to the next comprising aspringspur on eaeh Wheel arranged to engage the next Wheel and thenotched ring in eaeh wheel arranged to eontrol the spur, said ringhaving teeth to engage the l'luted roller, substantially as described.

5. In Combination in a Calculating apparatus, the easing the ilutedroller therein with means for moving it, the series of registering-Wheels carried by the i'luted roller and each having a pawl to engagethe same, Carrying or transfer mechanism between the wheels, adetent-pawl R and the guide-rod S therefor along which the detent-pawlmay be adj usted to engage any desired registering-Wheel, substantiallyas described.

(3. In combination, the easing the luted roller therein, thesprally-slotted cylinder A eonneeted With the fluted roller, theregister'- ing-Wheels on the fluted roller having pawls engaging thesaine, the rod G having a pin engaging the slot in the Cylinder A, thetube K surrounding the rod G and having a series of grooves of differentlengths, the stop V on the ease to engage said grooves, said tube beingarranged to be turned axially and the index device, substantially asdescribed.

7. In Combination, the easing, the registen ing-Wheels therein, themeans for moving the same including a rod G movable through the easing,the tube surrounding the rod and having grooves of diiferent lengths,the stop ou the easing for engaging said grooves and the dial and indexto determine the desired amount of rotation of the grooved tube,substantially as described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oli'two subseribing witnesses.

ERKES ERIK MA'VSSON.

lVitnesses:

BAEK M. PERssoN, ALM HATS EnssoN.

